Abstract
Different regions have different environmental conditions, which may be unfavorable for the preservation of the quality of stored soybean seeds over time. Thus, it is necessary to adopt specific technologies to control the storage environment conditions. Big raffia bags are widely used for the storage of soybean seeds, however these consist of a porous, permeable material that allows the exchange of gases between the packaging and the storage environment. In an effort to find a solution to this problem, in this study we evaluated low cost big bag coating alternatives, in order to minimize the effects of temperature and intergranular humidity on stored seeds. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the quality of soybean cultivars subjected to different temperature and storage duration conditions and stored in raffia bags with or without internal coating. We used a completely randomized, three-factor (10 × 6 × 5) experimental design. We assessed 10 soybean cultivars, six storage environments, and five evaluation periods. Our results showed that seeds of the M-SOY 8866, M7110 IPRO, CD 2737 RR, and BMX DESAFIO 8473 RSF soybean cultivars preserved their physiological quality better in different storage environments. The storage duration had a cumulative effect on the negative factors that favor the deterioration of the quality of the stored seeds. The storage temperature was the main factor that affected the physiological quality of the stored seeds. The use of coated packaging was beneficial in preserving the physiological quality of stored soybean seeds; however, its effect was greater at ambient temperature than in a cold environment. The best storage environment for the preservation of the quality of the seeds was characterized by 10°C temperature conditions and the use of coated packaging, while the worst storage environment was characterized by ambient temperature conditions without the use of coated packaging. Thus, it was concluded that the use of coatings in raffia big bags can be an alternative for maintaining the quality of seeds of different soybean cultivars during storage in seed processing units.
Highlights
The expansion of soybean cultivation in the world necessitates the improvement of agricultural production processes with the use of precision technologies, which are associated with genetic improvements and seed conservation, thereby creating the need for the production of seeds with better physiological and sanitary qualities [1]
The use of coated packaging was beneficial in preserving the physiological quality of stored soybean seeds, its effect was significant only in ambient temperature environments for the same cultivar, type of package coating, and storage duration (Fig 3)
The seeds of the M-SOY 8866, M7110 IPRO, CD 2737 RR, and BMX DESAFIO 8473 RSF soybean cultivars performed better in the physiological quality tests conducted in different storage environments
Summary
The expansion of soybean cultivation in the world necessitates the improvement of agricultural production processes with the use of precision technologies, which are associated with genetic improvements and seed conservation, thereby creating the need for the production of seeds with better physiological and sanitary qualities [1]. Storage is an important post-harvest stage, the main objective of which is to conserve seed quality by reducing the speed and intensity of the deterioration process as much as possible [2,3,4,5]. According to Zuchi et al [8], some soy producing areas are located in regions with tropical climate and high average temperatures, which are considered unfavorable for the preservation of the physiological quality of soybean seeds. Under these conditions, cooling the seeds can contribute to the preservation of stored seed quality
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