Abstract
The study compares the clinical outcome of the use of different topical treatments for oral lesions in cattle suffering from foot and mouth disease (FMD). One hundred diseased cattle, during an outbreak of FMD in Assiut governorate, Egypt, were used in this study. The animals divided into four equal groups. The oral lesions after being washed with physiological saline solution to remove necrotic tissues, were sprayed twice daily by Phenytoin (PHEN group), Bacitracin and Neomycin (BAC-NEO group), Oxytetracycline and Crystal violet (OXY-CRY group), and the lesions leaved without any topical applications (control group). All animals in the four groups treated daily and for 3 consecutive days by the intramuscular injection of both Oxytetracycline as a broad spectrum antibiotics and Flunixin meglumine as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs. It was observed that all animals in PHEN group show complete healing of oral lesions and the animals return to its normal appetite after 4 days whereas animals in BAC-NEO and OXY-CRY groups take a longer time to show improvement. The lesions in control group remain unhealed with bad appetite till the end of the observation period. It is concluded that Phenytoin (Healosol®) has a potent wound healing activity comparable to Bacitracin-Neomycin (Bivatracin®) and Oxytetracycline-Crystal violet (Oxy G®) in treatment of the oral lesions of FMD in cattle.
Highlights
Foot and Mouth disease is a highly contagious disease causing severe economic losses to the animal industries
Phenytoin showed a marvelous effect that is characterized by disappearance of inflammation signs and improves the animal’s appetite two days after the beginning of its topical application to oral lesions
Local pain relief of phenytoin could be explained by its ability to reduce permeability of nerve membrane, so that it acts like a local anesthetic (Oluwatosin et al, 2000 and Rashidi et al, 2012)
Summary
Foot and Mouth disease is a highly contagious disease causing severe economic losses to the animal industries. It affects cloven-footed animals and characterized by fever, anorexia, salivation, vesicular eruptions and formation of erosions and ulcers in the mucosa of oral cavity, feet and udder (Kitching et al, 2005). The treatment aims to return the affected animals to normal appetite quickly and decrease the rate of weight loss through treatment of FMD lesions at the mouth and claws as well as to prevent complications (Sharma, 2010). The healing process consists of a serial of overlapping events as inflammation, regeneration, wound shrinkage and connective tissue formation, and remodeling. Appropriate treatment of wound can accelerate the healing process and prevent infection. Different types and approaches have been used to achieve shorter wound healing times (Alizadeh et al, 2007 and Hasamnis et al, 2010)
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