Evaluation of Clinical and Machine Data of Critically Ill Adult COVID Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Exposed to Enhanced Hemoadsorption during CRRT

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The FDA authorized the emergency use of enhanced hemoadsorption with oXiris in critically ill adult COVID patients with respiratory failure or severe disease to reduce inflammation. In this study, we evaluated critically ill adult COVID patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) who were exposed versus not exposed to enhanced hemoadsorption with oXiris during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective cohort study of critically ill adult COVID patients with AKI requiring CRRT. Exposure to oXiris was defined as receiving oXiris for >12 cumulative hours and more than one-third of the time within the first 72 h of CRRT. Study outcomes included filter-specific performance metrics and clinical outcomes such as ventilator requirement, mortality, and dialysis dependence. Inverse probability treatment weighting was used to balance potential confounders in weighted regression models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 14,043 h of CRRT corresponding to 85 critically ill adult patients were analyzed. Among these, 2,736 h corresponded to oXiris exposure (<i>n</i> = 25 patients) and 11,307 h to a standard CRRT filter (<i>n</i> = 60 patients). Transmembrane pressures (TMPs) increased rapidly and were overall higher with oXiris versus standard filter, but filter life (median of 36.3 vs. 33.1 h, <i>p</i> = 0.913, respectively) and filter/clotting alarms remained similar in both groups. In adjusted models, oXiris exposure was not independently associated with the composite of hospital mortality and dialysis dependence at discharge (OR 2.13, 95% CI: 0.98–4.82, <i>p</i> = 0.06), but it was associated with fewer ventilator (β = −15.02, 95% CI: −29.23 to −0.82, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and intensive care unit days (β = −14.74, 95% CI: −28.54 to −0.95, <i>p</i> = 0.04) in survivors. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> In critically ill adult COVID patients with AKI requiring CRRT, oXiris filters exhibited higher levels of TMP when compared to a standard CRRT filter, but no differences in filter life and filter/clotting alarm profiles were observed. The use of oXiris was not associated with improvement in clinical outcomes such as hospital mortality or dialysis dependence at discharge.