Evaluation of Cinnamaldehyde Administration to Feed with Different Protein Energy Levels and Ratios to Pacific whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the growth performance and carbohydrate metabolism of Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei given cinnamaldehyde levels in protein and different feed energy ratios. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications. The treatment consisted of control treatment C013 (32% protein feed with C/P of 13 without the addition of cinnamaldehyde), treatment C0.0513 (32% protein feed with 13 C/P added 0.05% of cinnamaldehyde), C0.0514 (28% protein feed with 14 C/P added of 0.05% cinnamaldehyde), C0.114 (28% protein feed with C/P of 14 added of 0.10% cinnamaldehyde), C0.0515 treatment (28% protein feed with 15 C/P added of 0.05% cinnamaldehyde), and 0.115 C treatment (28% protein feed with 15 C/P added of 0.10% cinnamaldehyde). The study was conducted for 56 days of maintenance in a 76 L volume aquarium using Pacific whiteleg shrimp measuring 1.38 ± 0.01 g at a density of 15 individuals per aquarium. The results showed that the C0.0513 treatment produced growth performance, including the final average weight and specific growth rate (SGR), which were significantly different (P<0.05) and resulted in protein retention, lipid retention, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) which were higher than the control treatment (C013). In addition, the highest parameters of hexokinase (hk) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) were produced by treatment C0.0513 and significantly different (P<0.05) from the control treatment (C013). This study showed that the C0.0513 treatment was the best non-protein energy source to increase growth performance through carbohydrate metabolism in Pacific whiteleg shrimp.
  
 Keyword: Carbohydrate metabolism, growth, feed energy ratio, cinnamaldehyde, Pacific whiteleg shrimp
  
 ABSTRAK
  
 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pertumbuhan dan metabolisme karbohidrat udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei yang diberikan kadar sinamaldehid pada protein dan rasio energi pakan berbeda.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan.  Adapun perlakuan terdiri dari perlakuan  kontrol C013 (pakan protein 32% dengan C/P sebesar 13 tanpa penambahan sinamaldehid), perlakuan C0.0513 (pakan protein 32% dengan C/P sebesar 13 ditambahakan sinamaldehid sebesar 0.05%), perlakuan C0.0514 (pakan protein 28% dengan C/P sebesar 14 ditambahakan sinamaldehid sebesar 0.05%), perlakuan C0.114 (pakan protein 28% dengan C/P sebesar 14 ditambahakan sinamaldehid sebesar 0.10%), perlakuan C0.0515 (pakan protein 28% dengan C/P sebesar 15 ditambahakan sinamaldehid sebesar 0.05%), dan perlakuan C 0.115 (pakan protein 28% dengan C/P sebesar 15 ditambahakan sinamaldehid sebesar 0.10%). Penelitian dilakukan selama 56 hari pemeliharaan pada akuarium volume 76 L menggunakan udang vaname berukuran 1.38 ± 0.01 g dengan kepadatan 15 ekor per akuarium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan C0.0513 menghasilkan kinerja pertumbuhan meliputi bobot rata-rata akhir dan specific growth rate (SGR) yang berbeda nyata (P<0.05), serta menghasilkan retensi protein, retensi lemak, dan feed conversion ratio (FCR) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol (C013). Selain itu, parameter Heksokinase (hk) dan Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) yang tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan C0.0513 dan berbeda nyata (P<0.05) dengan perlakuan kontrol (C013). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan C0.0513 adalah perlakuan terbaik sebagai sumber energi energi non-protein yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan melalui metabolisme karbohidrat pada udang vaname.
  
 Kata kunci: metabolisme karbohidrat, pertumbuhan, rasio energi pakan, sinamaldehid, udang vaname