Abstract
The presented paper proposes a method for estimating parameters and characteristics of the chemical processes in large municipal landfills and solid waste disposal sites according to the waste monitoring from space. The model of chemical transformations in the waste disposal sites is described based on the idea of waste biochemical degradation in the form of the “transformations tree”. The presentation of chemical transformations in the form of statistical integrated chemical equations allows us to describe the chemical system "a waste disposal facility" in the analytical form. The paper presents the main types of physical (volume and mass, thermal) and chemical (filtrate) characteristics which assessment could be made by data from satellite images. As an example the obtaining of the volume and mass characteristics of landfills in their 3D-models is described. Results of the algorithm on the example of a polygon of solid municipal and industrial waste in Salaryevo (Leninsky district of the Moscow region) are presented. As an example the assessment of volume and mass of landfill gas and its main component – methane is shown. An airborne image from year 2000 is compared with the satellite images in visible spectral range closed to its date. The main sources of errors in the evaluation of volume and mass characteristics are defined. The error which source is the spatial and spectral resolution of the satellite image is calculated.
Highlights
In terms of biochemical processes dump is a chemically dangerous and one of the most complex objects, so complex that many chemical conversion and reaction products still remain a mystery
Radar images and statistical data on the chemical processes in landfills, are derived from the normative-technical documentation or research [22]
We show assessment of biogas yield and methane in the landfill Salaryevo example (Fig.3)
Summary
In terms of biochemical processes dump is a chemically dangerous and one of the most complex objects, so complex that many chemical conversion and reaction products still remain a mystery. A common process for all SWLs is the formation of the three matter fractions: liquid – filtrate and filtration drains, gaseous - biogas, landfill gas, and solid - the landfill soil humus.
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