Abstract
159 highly skilled athletes were surveyed in the pre-competition period of sports training. A comparative assessment of the energy value and chemical composition of athletes diets on the basis of the questionnaire method of 24-hour (daily) reproduction of nutrition showed significant variability and dependence on the type of sports specialization of activities and gender of athletes. In particular, statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in the energy consumption value of rations in biathlonists was shown in comparison with athletes specializing in bullet shooting of various specializations of bobsleigh (overclockers and pilots) both in the male group (33.4%, 14, 8%, 31.5%), respectively, and female (33.9%, 13.8%, 41.7%), respectively. In the bobsledder of both sex groups specializing in overclocking, the energy values of rations were also statistically higher than those of athletes from the group of bullet shooting and bobsleigh pilots: by 21.7% and 19.6%, respectively, in the male group and 23.2% and 32.3%, respectively, in the female. Depending on the type of athletic activity and gender of athletes, the consumption of the main macro-intravenous animals varied significantly. In particular, the amount of protein ranged from 119.2 to 200.2 g/day in men and from 79.5 to 170.1 g/day in women; fat - 119.1-164.2 g / day for men and 84.6-148.8 g/day for women; carbohydrates - 385.1-594.6 g/day, in men and 285.5-475.6 in women.
Highlights
The training and competitive activity of athletes is held in conditions of excessive physical, neuroemotional tension and is associated with extreme energy consumption
The goal of this study was a comparative assessment of the chemical composition (CC) and energy value (EV) diets for athletes of various sports specializations that require different levels of energy consumption
A comparative analysis of the diet EV of the athletes groups revealed higher values of this parameter for athletes engaged in biathlon compared to groups of athletes specializing in shooting and bobsleigh
Summary
Было обследовано 159 высококвалифицированных спортсменов в предсоревновательный период спортивной подготовки. В частности, было показано статистически достоверное (р < 0,05) увеличение показателей энергетической ценности рационов у биатлонистов по сравнению со спортсменами, специализирующимися в пулевой стрельбе, различных специализациях бобслея (разгоняющие и пилоты), как в мужской группе — 33,4%, 14,8%, 31,5% соответственно, так и женской У бобслеистов обеих половых групп, специализирующихся в разгоне, показатели энергетической ценности рационов также были статистически выше по сравнению с показателями спортсменов из группы пулевой стрельбы и бобслеистов-пилотов: на 21,7% и 19,6% соответственно в мужской группе и на 23,2% и 32,3% соответственно в женской.
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