Evaluation of Cedrela gum as a binder and bioadhesive component in ibuprofen tablet formulations

Michael Ayodele Odeniyi,John Oluwasogo Ayorinde,Adepeju Oluwadamilare Babalola

doi:10.1590/s1984-82502013000100011

Michael Ayodele Odeniyi, John Oluwasogo Ayorinde + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502013000100011

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Abstract

The compressional, mechanical and bioadhesive properties of tablet formulations incorporating a new gum obtained from the incised trunk of the Cedrela odorata tree were evaluated and compared with those containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). Compressional properties were evaluated using Hausner's ratio, Carr's Index, the angle of repose, and Heckel, Kawakita and Gurnham plots. Ibuprofen tablets were prepared using the wet granulation method. Bioadhesive studies were carried out using the rotating cylinder method in either phosphate buffer pH 6.8 or 0.1 M hydrochloric acid media. The gum is a low viscosity polymer (48 cPs), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of a hydroxyl group. Py and Pk values, which are measures of plasticity, showed the gum to be significantly (p<0.05) more plastic than HPMC, and plasticity increased with polymer concentration. All tablet formulations were non-friable (<1.0%), and the formulations containing the gum had a higher crushing strength (130.95 N) than those containing HPMC (117.85 N) at 2.0% w/w binder. Formulations incorporating the gum were non-disintegrating and had a significantly longer drug release time than those containing HPMC. At the highest binder concentration, Cedrela gum formulations adhered to incised pig ileum longer than those containing HPMC. Cedrela gum exhibited better compressive, flow and binding properties than HPMC and is suitable as a bioadhesive and for sustained release of drugs.

Highlights

As a result of the inability of most drug powders to be made into satisfactory tablets, it is often necessary to incorporate excipients, which provide adequate compressive characteristics
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely used to reduce pain, inflammation and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis or abdominal cramps associated with menstruation, has fewer side effects than similar drugs (Simon, 1997; Ong et al, 2007) and was used as the model formulation drug
The values were found to be in the range of 24-27o for both the Cedrela gum and HPMC formulations

Summary

INTRODUCTION

As a result of the inability of most drug powders to be made into satisfactory tablets, it is often necessary to incorporate excipients, which provide adequate compressive characteristics. Binders provide adequate mechanical properties to pharmaceutical tablet formulations by promoting the bonding properties between the different components of the powder mixture (Joneja et al, 1999). They bind powders and granules together in the wet granulation and compression processes, respectively. The mathematical equations of Heckel, Kawakita and Gurnham (Zhao et al, 2006) are used in assessing tablet properties, while the Kitazawa equation is used to analyse the release characteristics of tablet formulations Many synthetic polymers, such as polyacrylic acid (PAA), polymethacrylic acid, cellulose derivatives, and polyethylene oxide, have been used as mucoadhesive drug carriers. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely used to reduce pain, inflammation and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis or abdominal cramps associated with menstruation, has fewer side effects than similar drugs (Simon, 1997; Ong et al, 2007) and was used as the model formulation drug

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION