Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases have become more common in young adults. Their emergence is due to the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a Tunisian young adult group. Material and methods: This is an epidemiological study of 705 Tunisians volunteers, free from any cardiovascular pathology; who are recruited at the Military Hospital of Tunis. Besides the classical cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol…), we evaluate the level of homocysteinemia and determined the C677T mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene by PCR-RFLP method. Results and conclusions: The mean age of our population is 28.25 ± 9.08 with a male majority (83.8%). We have 43.8% obese subject or overweight, 54.3% smokers and 12.9% alcoholics. The lipid profile showed that 12.6% of the population had hypercholesterolemia and 39.5% had hypoHDLemia, 7.9% had a high lipoprotein(a) concentration. In our study population we found that 10.9% of subjects had an hs-CRP concentration greater than 3 mg/L. Genotyping of the MTHFR gene revealed that 34% of young adults had a mutated genome (CT). The results showed a significant correlation between different factors, such as cholesterolemia and obesity. The prevalence of these risk factors showed the severity of our young people’s health status and imposes a change in the way of Tunisians life.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases have become more common in young adults
Besides the classical cardiovascular risk factors, we evaluate the level of homocysteinemia and determined the C677T mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene by PCR-RFLP method
In our study population we found that 10.9% of subjects had an High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration greater than 3 mg/L
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases have become more common in young adults. Their emergence is due to the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a Tunisian young adult group. Besides the classical cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol...), we evaluate the level of homocysteinemia and determined the C677T mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene by PCR-RFLP method. The results showed a significant correlation between different factors, such as cholesterolemia and obesity The prevalence of these risk factors showed the severity of our young people’s health status and imposes a change in the way of Tunisians life. The occurrence of CVD is mainly due to an increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as smoking, sedentary lifestyle, diabetes, stress and changing dietary habits. In 2014, according to a review published by Maaijwee N.A et al [2], about 10% of all strokes occur in people under the age of 50 years
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