Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases. One antidiabetic therapeutic approach is to reduce gastrointestinal glucose production and absorption through the inhibition of α-amylase and α-amyloglucosidase enzymes, thereby preventing an increase in the postprandial glucose concentration in diabetics. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of 3 mushrooms, that is, Ganoderma philippii, Lenzites elegans, and Rigidoporus ulmarius, using an in vitro enzymatic starch digestion assay model. The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of hydroalcoholic mushroom extracts was tested at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/mL. Acarbose was used as a control. The amount of glucose liberated (micrograms) was determined using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates in all examined species. In the case of G. philippii and L. elegans, a concentration-dependent increase in the percentage inhibition of enzyme activity was observed, with maximum inhibition at a concentration of 100 mg/mL (40.22% ± 0.83% and 26.57% ± 0.68%, respectively). R. ulmarius showed maximum inhibitory activity at a concentration of 100 mg/mL (65.54% ± 0.91%), and this was comparable to acarbose.
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