Evaluation of C–reactive protein and fibrinogen in comparison to CEA and CA72–4 as diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer

Abstract

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 72–4 (CA72–4) are commonly used markers for colorectal cancer (CRC) in clinical applications. However, low positivity rate and sensitivity limits their clinical effectiveness. In this study, we explored the potential of C–reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen to improve the diagnostic efficiency of traditional biomarkers of CRC. The concentrations of CRP and fibrinogen in plasma were significantly higher in CRC patients compared with benign or healthy controls. The area under the ROC curves (AUCs) showed that the diagnostic efficacy of CRP and fibrinogen was 0.745 (95% CI: 0.712–0.779) and 0.699 (95% CI: 0.663–0.734), respectively. AUC increased to 0.750 (95% CI: 0.716–0.784) when CRP and fibrinogen were combined. It also further improved to 0.889 (95% CI: 0.866–0.913) when CRP and fibrinogen were integrated with CEA and CA72–4. Moreover, this combination increased the maximum area under AUC to 0.857 (95% CI: 0.830–0.883), which effective differentiated CRC from benign disease. Overall, this study found that CRP and fibrinogen were highly expressed in the plasma of CRC patients, suggesting their potential to improve the diagnostic efficiency of traditional biomarkers of CRC.