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Abstract
The objective of this paper is to analyze the control conditions of the transmittance rate, and determine the conditions that are most optimal with respect to building energy and daylight performance in three climate conditions: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (hot climate); Inchon, South Korea (hot and cold climate); and Moscow, Russia (cold climate). The analysis was based on the electrochromic glass developed by a research team. Electrochromic glass is a next generation solar control glass that can control the transmittance of the glass itself. Therefore, proper control methods are essential for rational use of this electrochromic glass. To properly control electrochromic glass, daylight performance must be considered, along with building energy (heating, cooling, and lighting). If only building energy is considered, transmittance needs to be lowered during the summer season and increased during the winter season. Controlling electrochromic glass transmittance with such a method would not improve the satisfaction of users and occupants of a building due to the resulting glare. In addition to energy reduction, the basic function of solar control glass is to prevent glare. Therefore, in this study, we develop the Energy and Daylight Performance Index (EDPI) using, to evaluate the combined building energy and daylight performance and deduce the optimal control method for electrochromic glass. In addition, optimal control conditions for the three different climatic regions were obtained. Limitations of this study were that the scope was restricted to the eastern climate region, and that the building analysis model was limited to one climate region. It is expected that the optimal control method could be used as an initial database in the development of a electrochromic glass control system.
Highlights
IntroductionDue to the fact that building envelopes are directly related to the amount of energy required for cooling, heating, and lighting, energy saving technologies have been investigated and developed in many relevant areas including insulation, airtightness, and solar radiation control
Moscow in Russia, Inchon in Korea, and Riyadh in Saudi Arabia were selected as representative cities for each of three climate zones
The optimal control condition was derived for each climate zone with respect to the cooling, heating, and lighting energies and daylight performance
Summary
Due to the fact that building envelopes are directly related to the amount of energy required for cooling, heating, and lighting, energy saving technologies have been investigated and developed in many relevant areas including insulation, airtightness, and solar radiation control. Various types of smart glass products have been developed, including those with electrochromic (EC), thermochromic (TC), photochromic (PC), and polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) coatings [1]. These smart glass products can control transmittance without the aid of shading devices such as blinds or rolling shades; instead, transmittance is adjusted using electric signals [2]
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