Abstract
The incidence of subclinical and clinical mastitis in the mammary gland produces variety of defensive factors were nuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes and macrophages play an important role and they are marked as somatic cells. Somatic cell count depends on the type of pathogen and stage of infection. Increased number of somatic cells in milk occurs as a result of lesions in the mammary gland. Studies have shown that the somatic cells count is genetically predisposed. Although the heritability of this trait is low, using modern methods and the proper selection of work it is possible to achieve some progress. Therefore it is necessary to the selection of bulls for somatic cells, on the basis of somatic cells in milk of daughters. Data on milk yield and somatic cell count in milk of 247 cows Holstein Friesian and Simmental breed from Vojvodina province, were used to analyze the evaluation of breeding values for somatic cells in milk Average values and variability of somatic cells, milk yield, milk fat yield and protein and content of milk fat and protein were determined. The average number of somatic cells was 317 000 per ml of milk, with high variability. Average milk yield of 7 634kg with an average content and yield of milk fat from 3.74% to 285.69 kg and the average protein content and yield of 3.15% and 237.15 kg were determined. Assessment of breeding values was calculated using BLUP model of father, high variability in the assessment of bulls was found. Getting more accurate breeding values is possible using the Animal Model.
Highlights
Selection of dairy cattle is reflected in the improvement of all economically important traits, which include, in addition to milk traits - yield of milk, fat and protein, conformation, longevity, calving ease, fertility of cows, milking speed and temperament, udder health traits which include the somatic cell count in cow milk and incidence of clinical mastitis
According to the data presented in Table 1., average somatic cell count in milk produced by daughters of studied animals, in both breeds, was 317000/ml, with standard deviation of 322.32 and minimum of 8000 and maximum of 999 000
Research results have shown that the average milk fat and protein contents are adequate and correspond to the requirements of the market
Summary
Selection of dairy cattle is reflected in the improvement of all economically important traits, which include, in addition to milk traits - yield of milk, fat and protein, conformation, longevity, calving ease, fertility of cows, milking speed and temperament, udder health traits which include the somatic cell count in cow milk and incidence of clinical mastitis.Radinović (2008) in the study of the quantity of milk produced in standard lactation on farms included in the milk recording in Vojvodina, point out that production of milk in 305 days ranged from 5753 to 6533 kg.Alberquerque et al (1995) established the average milk yield in lactation of Holstein-Friesian cows in the State of New York of 8712 kg, whereas in California it was even 10 295 kg. In the analysis of completed lactations of Holstein-Friesian cows in Vojvodina, the average milk yield in standard lactation of 5741 kg was established, with milk fat content and yield of 3.47 and 197 kg, respectively (Trivunović, 2006). According to report by Marković (1999), the average milk yield of Holstein-Friesian cows in the first lactation was 5556 kg with 3.59% and 198.5 kg of milk fat, whereas for all lactations the average milk yield of 5957 kg was obtained with milk fat content and yield of 3.55% and 210.3 kg, respectively. As pointed out by Gaidarska (2009), the average milk yield of Black and White cows in Bulgaria in the first lactation, recorded in the period from 1996 to 2005, was 4357kg with 3.74% of milk fat
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