Evaluation of biosynthesized nickel oxide nanoparticles from Clerodendrum phlomidis: A promising photocatalyst for methylene blue and acid blue dyes degradation

Abstract

In the present investigation, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) were biosynthesized utilizing an extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis leaves. Their size, phase study, and shape were investigated using a variety of research methods. In addition, we assessed the photocatalytic effects of NiO nanoparticles on the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue (AB) dyes. Throughout the research process, we found that these nanoparticles had extraordinary potential for photocatalysis when exposed to UV light. This is a 100% environmentally friendly method that makes no use of any harmful or poisonous solvents. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) were used to analyze the biosynthesized NiO nanoparticles. The catalytic activity of the newly synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated by seeing how well they degraded dyes called methylene (MB) and acid blue (AB). Following the first-order reaction, kinetics was the photocatalytic effectiveness against the methylene blue (MB) and acid blue (AB) dyes, both of which exhibited a maximum degradation efficiency of 92% and 63%. Because of this, the biosynthesized NiO nanoparticles synthesized utilizing the extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis leaves have the potential to be used in photocatalytic applications.