Evaluation of Biological Activities of Various Extracts of Three Different Plants from Turkiye

Abstract

Plant species contain many secondary metabolites, and these compounds differ from species to species. These differences in the concentrations of these compounds have many health implications. Today, studies on the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of plants are regaining importance. In particular, the negative effects of some existing antibiotics and the constant development of bacterial resistance are leading to the search for new natural antimicrobial agents. In this study, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and chloroform extracts from the aerial parts of Marrubium bourgaei Boiss and Glaucium alakirensis Aykurt, K.Yıldız & A.Özçandır endemic to Turkiye, and Peucedanum alpinum B.L.Burtt & Davis. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by the DPPH (2,2 Difenil-1-pikrihidrazil) and ABTS (2,2' azino-bis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid)) methods, the total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteu method, the total flavonoid content by aluminium chloride colorimetric method, and the antibacterial activity against 10 bacteria by the disc diffusion method. According to the results, methanol, ethanol, and acetone extracts had higher DPPH, ABTS, total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents than other extracts. However, the total flavonoid content of M. bourgaei was higher in the ethyl acetate extract. When evaluated for their antibacterial activity, ethanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate in P. alpinum, chloroform in M. bourgaei, and methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate in G. alakirensis extracts showed antibacterial activity against more bacteria than others. This is the first study to evaluate and compare the total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of 5 different extracts of these plants.