EVALUATION OF BIOCHEMICALAND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN MACROCYTIC ANEMIA

Abstract

Background: In the age of calibrated automatic analysers, biochemical and hematological parameter evaluation form the yardstick to dene macrocytic anemias. The size of red cells in relation to mean corpuscular volume (MCV) has been used to categorize anemia. Aim of current study was to evaluate the role of routine blood parameters and biochemical parameters in differentiating megaloblastic anemia and non megaloblastic anemia. Methods:Aretrospective study was carried out on retrieved records (laboratory parameters) of the patients who were admitted at a tertiary care hospital, this included a total of 90 cases of anaemia between January 2020 - July 2021. These included records of patients with anaemia based on Vitamin B12 levels, LDH levels. Other various parameters like mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were also taken into consideration for descriptive statistics. Results: Liver disease was the most common cause of macrocytosis (40%). The other causes in decreasing order of frequency were megaloblastic anaemia (27.7%), hemolytic anemia (8%), drug induced (9%).When comparisons of various complete blood count parameters between megaloblastic and non-megaloblastic group was done with LDH having signicance (p=0.001) in megaloblastic group and .011 in non-megaloblastic group. Conclusions: Evaluation of Methyl malonic acid and homocysteine levels, is sensitive, but expensive and scarcely available. The overall performance which is measured using Area under the Curve indicates that a contribution of LDH and MCV are good at differentiating megaloblastic Vs. Non megaloblastic causes of macrocytic anemias, However a larger population should be studied to nd variances between ethnicity, gender and age