Evaluation of Biochemical and Hematological Profile Changes in Cancer Patients Pre- and Postchemotherapy Treatment

Abstract

Background: Cancer is the world's most hazardous and severe disease in the 21st century, and it is the world's second-largest cause of death. A patient's cancer therapy is decided by the stage of cancer at diagnosis, the type and location of cancer, and the patient's country's normal medical procedures and treatment recommendations. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are just a few of the cancer treatment options accessible. However, these treatments are rarely curative and might cause a variety of negative effects in individuals. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was carried out in Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, Odisha. Prechemotherapy hematological profiles: laboratory results of hematological profiles at the time of cancer diagnosis. Postchemotherapy hematological profiles: laboratory results of hematological profiles following the completion of Phase 4 chemotherapy treatments. Results: There were 97 males (41.27%) and 138 females (58.72%) in the group. Breast cancer, lymphoma, and sarcoma were the most common kinds of cancer in this study, accounting for 37.44%, 25.1%, and 11.06%, respectively. Stage II was found in 8.93% of the study participants, 62.12% in stage III, and 28.93% in stage IV, but no stage I was found. Conclusion: Postchemotherapy hematological profiles, with the exception of lymphocytes, were found to be considerably lower than prechemotherapy. Biochemical profiles such as urea and creatinine reduced insignificantly, but aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels increased nonsignificantly after treatment compared to before.