Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate auditory cortical development using mismatch negativity (MMN) in prelingual severe-to-profound hearing-impaired children from the stage of cochlear implant (CI) power-up to 6 months after power-up. Eighteen children were recruited and examined at the stage of CI initial power-up (M0), as well as several follow-up periods, that is, 1 month (M1), 3 months (M3), and 6 months (M6) after CI power-up. The MMN responses were measured using a 128-Channel Dense Array EEG System. The group average and individual MMN analysis were used to investigate the longitudinal changes of the MMN characteristics. The relationship between MMN characteristics and scores of categories of auditory performance (CAP) was also investigated. Although the MMN incidence was much lower at the periods of M0 and M1, significantly higher MMN incidence was found in M3 and M6. The MMN latencies decreased significantly from M3 to M6, but no significant difference in the amplitudes was found between these periods. There was a negative correlation between the increment of CAP scores and decrement of MMN latency from M3 to M6. MMN incidence increment and latency decrement are likely to be the objective and noninvasive indicators for evaluating auditory central development at an early stage in children after cochlear implantation. Moreover, the latency decrement from M3 to M6 correlated significantly with the increment of the CAP scores, indicating a fast maturation period, which might be a key period for auditory rehabilitation.
Highlights
Cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing
The mismatch negativity (MMN) incidence and its changes at different post cochlear implantation (CI) stages Based on criteria for identifying and determining the MMN responses mentioned in the methodology session, the MMN incidence was calculated
There was no significant difference in the percentage of MMN incidence between 3-month and 6-month post CI (P3m vs. P6m, x2= 0.36, p=0.55) (Figure 2)
Summary
Cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing. The effectiveness of cochlear implantation has been evaluated in numerous studies [3] These studies have demonstrated that cochlear implants provide audiological benefits in terms of sound awareness and improved speech perception (e.g., using the telephone, enjoyment of music, watching the TV), and reduce activity limitation and participation restriction (e.g., improvement in general communication and self-confidence), and improve the quality of life (QoL) [4]. Various studies have revealed that CI delivers electrical stimulation and facilitates neuroplasticity of the central auditory system [6]. This is mainly due to the formation of important connections after the introduction of stimulation to the auditory pathway via a CI, while there are synaptic deficits of cortical neurons and auditory deprivation as a consequence of the lack of significant extrinsic auditory stimulation to auditory cortical development
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