Evaluation of apple varieties with summer ripening in intensive-type orchards

Abstract

The study results of the main economic and biological indicators of summer ripening apple varieties on low-growing rootstocks in intensive plantings were generalized. It was found that the use of low-growing intercalars has the same weakening effect on the apple tree growth as when using it as a rootstock. In terms of the total yield, 10-year-old trees of the Orlinka and Yablochny Spas varieties did not show significant differences in the options for using low-growing forms in as an intercalary or root stock. Modeling the damaging factors of the winter period revealed good resistance to early winter frosts, to a decrease in the freezing temperature in the middle of winter to -40 °C and to frosts after thaws at the end of winter. On the medium-sized rootstock 3-3-72, Rannee Aloe variety showed high early ripening and productivity significantly higher than Papirovka. The highest yields of the studied varieties on the rootstock 3-3-72 were given at the age of 10 to 20 years and are characterized as mildly periodically fruiting. According to the complex of economic and biological indicators, the varieties of summer ripening period for intensive plantings, farm and homestead gardens were identified.