Evaluation of aortic stiffness in tobacco-smoking adolescents

Abstract

Purpose To measure the aortic stiffness in tobacco-smoking adolescents and to investigate its relationship to tobacco smoke. Methods Aortic strain (S), pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep), and normalized Ep (Ep*) in tobacco-smoking adolescents and the healthy control group were measured by a sphygmomanometer with cuff and transthoracic echocardiography. The study group consisted of 30 healthy cases (M/F: 27/3) as a control group and 30 tobacco-smoking volunteer adolescents (M/F: 28/2). Unpaired Student's t-test was used for comparison of these groups. Results The mean ages were 16.1 ± 1.8 years and 16.2 ± 1.4 years, respectively. The number of cigarettes smoked per day was 31 ± 7.1 and the duration of smoking was 3.4 ± 1.1 years. S, Ep and Ep* measurements of tobacco smokers were different than the control groups' and this difference was statistically significant. S values were significantly higher in nonsmokers than in smokers; whereas Ep and Ep* values were significantly higher in smoker group. Conclusions This study demonstrated that measurement of aortic stiffness with S, Ep, and Ep* can be used as an early indicator of atherosclerosis in tobacco-smoking adolescents.