Abstract
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and to characterize the polyphenolic composition of the ethanolic extracts of Hyssopus officinalis, Ocimum basilicum and Teucrium chamaedrys. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major phenolic compounds were conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The total polyphenols, caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoids content was spectrophotometrically determined. The phenolic profile showed the presence of phenolic acid derivatives (caftaric, gentisic, caffeic, p-coumaric, chlorogenic and ferulic acids), flavonoid glycosides (rutin, isoquercitrin and quercitrin) and free flavonoid aglycons (luteolin, quercetin), in different concentrations. DPPH radical scavenging assay, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method, hemoglobin ascorbate peroxidase activity inhibition (HAPX) assay, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) radicals detection were employed, revealing several aspects of the antioxidant activities of these species. The antimicrobial tests were performed using the disk diffusion assay. These extracts contained a large amount of the polyphenolic compounds (77.72, 175.57, and 243.65 mg/g, respectively), and they showed a good antioxidant activity, as witnessed by a number of methods. T. chamaedrys had a high antimicrobial activity. Besides their antioxidant activity, the antimicrobial effect of these extracts confirms the biological activities of these herbal medicinal products.
Highlights
The flora of Romania comprises around 33 genera and more than 130 species and several varieties and subspecies of the Lamiaceae family [1]
H. officinalis, O. basilicum and T. chamaedrys from Romania and to investigate their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, for a better characterization and exploitation of these natural products
O. basilicum, H. officinalis and T. chamaedrys from Romania, for their better pharmacognostical and phytochemical characterisation
Summary
The flora of Romania comprises around 33 genera and more than 130 species and several varieties and subspecies of the Lamiaceae family [1]. The aromatic plants and spices of the Lamiaceae are rich in polyphenolic compounds and a large number of them are well known for their antioxidant properties [1,2,3,4]. In this regard, Hyssopus officinalis, Ocimum basilicum and Teucrium chamaedrys are very important members of this family for their medicinal value [3,4]. There is an increasing demand to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the herbal extracts and in the last years, the attention has been focused on the antioxidant products from natural sources [2,3,4]
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