Abstract
BackgroundPhytochemicals like carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbates and phenols present in the plants are strong antioxidants and have an important role in the health care system. There is growing interest in correlating the phytochemical constituents of a plant with its pharmacological activity. Therefore, the present study investigates the content of total phenolics, flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of four different varieties of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) leaves by using in vitro antioxidant models.MethodsThe leaves of Chandigarh purple variety (CPV), Palampur red variety (PRV), Chandigarh yellow turning pink variety (YTPV) and Chandigarh yellow variety (CYV) Lantana camara were collected and the total phenolic, flavonoid content, antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities were determined in their methanolic extracts.ResultsThe phenolic content was found to be highest in the CYV extract (232.99 ± 15.97 mg GAE/ g extract). The content of the flavonoids are in the order of YTPV, PRV, CPV and CYV. The IC50 values for the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test were in the order of CYV (33.30 ± 2.39) < PRV (40.32 ± 2.94) < YTPV (475.33 ± 5.20) < CPV (927.16 ± 2.88 μg/mL). The highest total antioxidant capacity was observed in CYV (222.20 ± 5.05 mg AAE/ g). The Ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) value of the extracts were in the order of CYV > PRV > YTPV > CPV. The IC50 values of 2, 2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) scavenging assay for CYV, PRV, YTPV, CPV were 18.25 ± 0.19, 18.24 ± 1.82, 50.43 ± 9.49, 52.84 ± 1.82 μg/mL respectively. PRV extract showed the maximum in vitro lipid peroxidation inhibition effect with an IC50 value of 68.50 μg/mL which is even stronger as compared to the standard Rutin (79.69 μg/mL). The extracts showed a strong correlation between the phenolic content and their antioxidant activities. The highest correlation (r = 0.998, R2 = 0.997) was found between total phenolic content and ABTS scavenging assay.ConclusionAmong the four varieties investigated, CYV and PRV extracts showed strong antioxidant activities and may be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant against free radical associated diseases.
Highlights
Phytochemicals like carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbates and phenols present in the plants are strong antioxidants and have an important role in the health care system
Free radicals are fundamental to many biochemical processes and represent an essential part of aerobic life and metabolism
On the basis of the results obtained in the present study, it is concluded that the methanolic leaf extracts of four different varieties of Lantana camara which contains large amount of phenolic compounds, exhibit high antioxidant, free radical scavenging and in vitro lipid peroxidation inhibition activities
Summary
Phytochemicals like carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbates and phenols present in the plants are strong antioxidants and have an important role in the health care system. Free radicals are fundamental to many biochemical processes and represent an essential part of aerobic life and metabolism. The plants produce a large number of compounds called secondary metabolites with diverse physiological and biochemical activities. Secondary metabolites and their derivatives show significant pharmacological activities such as being hepatoprotective, diuretic, anti allergic, anticancer effects and antioxidant [3,4,5]. Phytochemicals like carotenoids, tocopherols and tocotrienols, ascorbates and phenols are strong antioxidants and have carved out an important role in the health care system. There is renewed interest in finding out new natural antioxidants from living system for application in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics
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