Abstract
BackgroundEscherichia coli (E. coli) is the most commonly isolated bacteria in human pathology. In Morocco the data concerning the nature and the rates of antibiotic resistance of E. coli in both hospitals and city environment remains relatively poor and needs further investigations.MethodsDuring a 16 months period, E. coli isolates were collected from different culture specimens received in the Bacteriology Department of the Military teaching Hospital Mohammed-V-Rabat for routine diagnostic purposes. E. coli isolates were identified and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined.ResultsA total of 1369 E. coli isolates comprising 33 % (1369/4110) of culture-positive samples were consecutively collected. Isolates of E. coli were, in 40.5 % (554/1369) of cases from hospitalized patients and in 59.5 % (815/1369) of cases from outpatients. Urine isolates represented 82 % (1123/1369) of the cases. High rates of resistance were found for amoxicillin (42.5 %), cefalotin (30.4 %), norfoloxacin (29.9 %) and sulfamethoxazole (37.7 %). The detection rate of ESBL was 6.1 % (85/1369). In hospitalized patients 11.9 % of the isolates of E. coli (66/554) had an ESBL phenotype while in outpatients cases only 2.3 % of isolates of E. coli (19/815) had this phenotype.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that more judicious use of antibiotics is needed especially in probabilistic treatment. The emergence of ESBL in the Moroccan cities is an indicator of the severity of this problem that is not limited to health care facilities.
Highlights
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most commonly isolated bacteria in human pathology
Escherichia coli dominates the overall spectrum of the bacterial infections in both hospitals and the community [8]
Isolates of E. coli were in 40.5 % (554/1369) of cases from hospitalized patients and in 59.5 % (815/1369) of cases from outpatients
Summary
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most commonly isolated bacteria in human pathology. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common commensal of the intestine of humans and animals but can be found in water, soil and vegetation [1] It is the most frequently isolated bacteria from clinical samples [1], E. coli is the pathogen most involved in urinary tract infections [2,3,4] and one of the common agents responsible for ear infections, sepsis and wound infections [5, 6]. The emergence of resistance is a global phenomenon, the rates of antibiotic resistance remain different between developed and developing countries [10, 11] This emergence complicates the management of infections and impacts the use of widely prescribed antibiotics in clinical practice such as penicillins, sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones
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