Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this research work was to find out the antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis of whole plant extracts (shoot, flower, and root) of Vinca rosea.
 Methods: In recent work, phytochemicals were extracted from various parts of the plants using various solvents ethyl acetate (ETOAC), ethanol (ETOH), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These phytochemicals contain alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, aminoacids, saponins, aromatic acids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, xantho proteins, PHILOBATININS, carbohydrate, reducing sugar, and proteins; and they were separated by the standard methods. Moreover, antimicrobial activities of methanolic separation were determined by a different species of bacteria and fungi. Agar well-diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial activity, and also analyzed the zone of inhibition.
 Results: The evaluation of phytochemical screening of extracts indicated the existence of alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, aminoacids, saponins, aromatic acids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, xantho proteins, philobatinins, carbohydrate, reducing sugar, and proteins. All the tested bacteria and fungi were controlled efficiently, and the activities of the shoot extracts were better compared to flower and root extracts. ETOH extract of the shoot exhibited highest antifungal activity against Candida albicans, (17.34 mm), followed by Candida krusei (16.12 mm), Aspergillus niger (15.76), Mucor sp. (14.67 mm), and Rhizopus oryzae (13.46 mm), ETOH extract of the shoot exhibited highest antibacterial activity), when compared to flower and root extracts against Staphylococcus aureus (12.77 mm), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.67 mm), Salmonella abony (10.23 mm), Escherichia coli (9.65 mm), Micrococcus luteus (8.95 mm. V. rosea shoot extracts highlighted effective antifungal activities compared with flower and root extracts against all the tested bacteria.
 Conclusion: Current studies have shown that the V. rosea plant contains significant antimicrobial activities in the ETOH extracts. The strong antifungal and antibacterial activities of V. rosea are owing to the presence of saponin, tannins, and flavonoids present in.
Highlights
Ayurveda is an important system of a substitute and complementary medicine
Phytochemical screening The phytochemical analysis of the solvent extracts through ETOH, MEOH, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) of a V. rosea entire plant extract was analyzed by standard methods as described [14,15,16]
Qualitative phytochemical analysis The phytochemicals analyzed in the shoot, flower, and root V. rosea whole plants extracts examined the presence, absence of bioactive compounds was listed (Tables 1 and 2)
Summary
Various drug formulations are used in the medicine of Ayurvedic systems. In addition to other herbal remedies, large portions of its medicines are native to domestic herbs. The complete and enhanced knowledge of the herbal plants is obligatory for all who work in the Ayurvedic field to find the appropriate plant for a particular disease [1]. Interest in medicinal plants has increased greatly, and the West has taken this issue seriously [2]. The WHO estimates that approximately one-third of the world population used herbs and other types of folk medicines to treat the diseases [3]. The lack of quality control information is less acceptable to accept Ayurvedic medicines. The end product analysis profile has an impact on its act and safety [5]
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