Abstract
<p>The present study was aimed at <em>in vitro</em> antileishmanial screening of ten plants used in the traditional medicine in India. MTT method was used to evaluate the cell death after application of 100, 250, 350 and 500 μg/mL of the methanolic extracts followed by incubation for 24 hours at 25°C. Methanolic leaf extracts of <em>Acorus calamus, Alstonia scholaris</em> and <em>Berberis aristata</em> showed significant antileishmanial activity at a concentration of 500 µg/ml. In order to identify the antileishmanial compounds present in the active extracts of the screened plants, an LC-MS analysis of the tested extracts was carried out. The active extracts revealed the presence of some natural products with known antileishmanial activity along with other compounds. The present study suggests that the active plant extracts may be processed to isolate the compounds that may further be screened for their antileishmanial potential.</p>
Highlights
Leishmaniasis is a current public health concern and is among the five parasitic diseases of high social impact world-wide
A total of ten methanolic extracts of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in India were evaluated for their antileishmanial potential using MTT reduction assay (Table I)
Out of the ten crude methanolic extracts, three have shown significant leishmanicidal activity by inhibiting 35-40% promastigotes within 24 hours of application. These active extracts were further analysed by LC-MS to determine the presence of various components
Summary
Leishmaniasis is a current public health concern and is among the five parasitic diseases of high social impact world-wide (de Albuquerque Melo et al, 2014). The drugs which are effective to some extent are very expensive and are usually unavailable in the endemic areas of the disease. People in rural areas of developing countries have been using traditional medicinal plants as oral decoctions for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis and the paste form for topical application for curing skin infections like cuta-neous leishmaniasis (Chan-Bacab and PenaRodriguez 2001). Ten of the traditionally used medicinal plants were selected on the basis of their ethno-botanical reports and were screened for the anti-leishmanial potential against L. donovani promastigotes
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