Abstract
This study investigated the possible anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex Linn. fruits in selected experimental animal models. Anti-inflammatory activity of Pedalium murex Linn., with doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated by Lambda-carrageenan induced paw oedema in Wistar albino rats; analgesic activity with doses of 280 mg/kg and 560 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated by hot plate method and acetic acid induced writhing method in Swiss albino mice; and antipyretic activity with doses of 110 mg/kg and 220 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated in New Zealand white rabbits by injecting gram -ve lipopolysaccharide obtained from E. coli. Results were analysed by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnet's multiple comparison test. Pedalium murex Linn. showed significant anti-inflammatory activity from 15 min to 180 min as compared to vehicle treated animals. It was comparable to diclofenac sodium at 180 min. The extract did not prolong the reaction time on hot plate method but significantly reduced the number of writhing after acetic acid administration. Also the extract did not show any antipyretic activity on lipopolysaccharide induced pyrexia. It is therefore concluded that the ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex Linn. fruits has an anti-inflammatory and peripheral analgesic effects.
Highlights
Inflammation is the defence response of body, characterised by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function to eliminate or limit the spread of an injurious agent (Purnima et al, 2010)
Results were analysed by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s multiple comparison test to determine the significance of the difference between the control group and experimental animals treated with test drug for antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic groups
There was no significant difference in the reaction time between different groups at 0 min
Summary
Inflammation is the defence response of body, characterised by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function to eliminate or limit the spread of an injurious agent (Purnima et al, 2010). It involves a cascade of events elicited by numerous stimuli that include infectious agents, ischemia, thermal and physical injury, and antigen-antibody interaction (Purnima et al, 2010). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammation, pain, and fever. They are effective but associated with reappearance of symptoms after discontinuation. India has a rich heritage of medicinal herbs which are used by the local population and traditional practitioners for the treatment of several conditions
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