Abstract
BackgroundSynovitis is an inflammation-related disease linked to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, infections and trauma. This inflammation is accompanied by immune cells infiltration which initiates an inflammatory response causing pain, discomfort and affecting the normal joint function. The treatment of synovitis is based on the administration of anti-inflammatory drugs or biological agents such as platelet rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells. However, the evaluation and validation of more effective therapies of synovitis requires the establishment of clinically relevant animal models.ResultsIn this study, Large White pigs were pre-immunized to evaluate an antigen-induced synovitis. The immune monitoring of synovial fluids in this model allowed us the identification of IL-12p40 and T cell subsets as immune biomarkers. Moreover, the evolution of synovitis was performed by arthroscopic procedures and kinetic analysis. In summary, this paper describes an animal model of antigen-induced synovitis to be used in the evaluation of anti-inflammatory therapies.ConclusionsThe novelty of this paper lies in the development of a clinically relevant model of synovitis which permits the simultaneous evaluation of synovitis from an immunological, surgical and kinetic point of view.
Highlights
Synovitis is an inflammation-related disease linked to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, infections and trauma
The analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes from bovine serum albumin (BSA)-immunized animals demonstrated that the CD8 + T cell subset showed a trend to increase whereas both CD4 + T cell subset and CD4/ CD8 ratio showed a trend to decrease (Fig. 2)
Local administration of BSA on pre-sensitized animals modifies the cytokine profile of synovial fluid Once evaluated the changes in the leukocyte counts as well as in the percentages of synovial CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, we aimed to evaluate the inflammatory environment by quantifying a wide range of cytokines
Summary
Synovitis is an inflammation-related disease linked to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, infections and trauma This inflammation is accompanied by immune cells infiltration which initiates an inflammatory response causing pain, discomfort and affecting the normal joint function. The treatment of synovitis is based on the administration of anti-inflammatory drugs or biological agents such as platelet rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells. Some of the most common treatments for synovitis are based on the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [9] as well as biological agents such as platelet rich plasma [10], autologous conditioned medium [11] and mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different sources [12] that have become a promising therapeutic option in regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal capacity, multipotentiality and immunomodulatory properties [13, 14]. Several animal models of synovitis have been
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