Abstract
Pythiosis is a harmful disease caused by Pythium insidiosum, an aquatic oomycete. Therapeutic protocols based on antifungal drugs are often ineffective because the cytoplasmic membrane of P. insidiosum does not contain ergosterol. Therefore, the treatment of pythiosis is still challenging, particularly making use of natural products and secondary metabolites from bacteria. In this study, xanthyletin and substances obtained from Pseudomonas stutzeri ST1302 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ST2501 exhibited anti-P. insidiosum activity and, moreover, xanthyletin was non-toxic against human cell lines. The hyphae of P. insidiosum treated with these three substances exhibited lysis holes on a rough surface and release of anamorphic material. Therefore, xanthyletin could be considered a promising alternative agent for treating cutaneous pythiosis in the near future.
Highlights
Pythiosis is a harmful disease caused by Pythium insidiosum, an aquatic oomycete
Crude extracts from P. stutzeri ST1302 and K. pneumoniae
The crude extracts from K. pneumoniae ST2501 were divided into 5 fractions; fraction number 1 was brown semisolid, fraction number 2 was brown oil, fraction number 3 was brown solid, fraction number 4 was black oil and fraction number 5 was black semisolid
Summary
Pythiosis is a harmful disease caused by Pythium insidiosum, an aquatic oomycete. Therapeutic protocols based on antifungal drugs are often ineffective because the cytoplasmic membrane of P. insidiosum does not contain ergosterol. Xanthyletin and substances obtained from Pseudomonas stutzeri ST1302 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ST2501 exhibited anti-P. insidiosum activity and, xanthyletin was non-toxic against human cell lines. As one of the clinical manifestations of human pythiosis is cutaneous and subcutaneous infections, toxicity testing of substances with anti-P. insidiosum effects on these cell lines are Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnosis Laboratories, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. This study evaluated the anti-P. insidiosum effect of xanthyletin and secondary metabolites from P. stutzeri and K. pneumoniae on P. insidiosum by broth dilution susceptibility testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The toxicity of these substances to the cell lines prepared from normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells was assessed
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