Abstract
Antifungal activities of nineteen plant extracts were tested in 2010 with the objectives of screening potential plant extracts against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides under in vitro and anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, on papaya (Carica papaya L.) during storage. Ethyl acetate extracts of Lantana camara resulted in the highest inhibition (with inhibition zone of 35.3 mm) and showed strong activity against C. gloeosporioides. Inhibition levels of spore germination that reached 88.7, 85.8, 85.1 and 84.6% were recorded over the control by extracts of Lantana camara, Lantana viburnoides, Echinops sp. and Ruta chalepensis. Four aqueous extracts were evaluated for control of anthracnose under in vivo for 14 days, and Echinops sp. (25%) was found to be most effective in the reduction of disease development and maintaining the overall quality of papaya fruit. Further studies on isolation and characterization of the active (antifungal) compounds are needed.
Highlights
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a popular and economically important fruit tree of tropical and subtropical countries [1]
The ripe fruit is prone to many diseases, among which anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz & Sacc. is an economically important disease during transit, storage and market [3,4,5]
Lantana camara were found to be superior in mycelial growth reduction among different botanical tested against anthracnose of papaya [5]
Summary
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a popular and economically important fruit tree of tropical and subtropical countries [1]. The ripe fruit is prone to many diseases, among which anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz & Sacc. According to Coursey [7], postharvest losses of approximately 40100% have been generally reported in papaya in developing countries. Synthetic fungicides are currently used as the primary means for the control of plant diseases. Bioactive products of plants are less persistent in environment and are safe for mammals, other non target organisms [11,12,13], and for the control of postharvest disease than synthetics [14]. This study was conducted with objective of determining the in vitro effect of plant extracts on conidial germination, mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and their efficacy against the development of postharvest papaya anthracnose
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