Abstract
Objective: To evaluate antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activity of polyherbalformulation (PHF) aqueous extract in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes in rats.Methods: Fasting blood glucose, lipid profiles, serum insulin and glycosylate haemoglobin (HbA1C) were determined in normal and streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats after oral administration of the PHF for 45 d. Antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated in kidney and liver tissue. Histopathological changes in diabetic rat vital organs were also observed after PHF treatment.Results: Daily oral administration of PHF (200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w.) and metformin (5 mg/kg, b.w.) showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level (P<0.001) and hyperlipidaemia due to diabetes. The PHF treatment also enhances serum insulin level and body weight of diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control group. Furthermore, the PHF has favourable effects on histopathological studies, in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes. Antioxidant enzymes and GSH levels were found to be significantly increased and levels of MDA were decreased in treated diabetic animals.Conclusion: PHF possesses antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties. PHF has also showed favourable effect on histopathological changes in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic animals.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) comprises a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycaemia with disturbance in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism resulting from impaired insulin secretion or insulin action [1]
Four prominent theories have been proposed to explain that how hyperglycaemia might lead to chronic complications of DM and these are; advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), increase glucose metabolism via sorbitol pathway, increase the formation of diacylglycerol leading to activation of protein kinase (PKC) and elevated levels of blood glucose increase the flux through the hexosamine pathway, which produces fructose6-phosphate, a substrate for O-linked glycosylation and proteoglycan production [4]
In diabetes there is a state of increased free radical production, which results from an imbalance between the radical generating and radical scavenging systems leading to an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (OH-)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) comprises a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycaemia with disturbance in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism resulting from impaired insulin secretion or insulin action [1]. In diabetes there is a state of increased free radical production, which results from an imbalance between the radical generating and radical scavenging systems leading to an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (OH-). It may include the increased non-enzymatic and auto-oxidation glycosylation and involved in metabolic stress which results from change in energy metabolism, levels of inflammatory mediators and the status of antioxidant defences [5]. The present study has been taken up to determine the synergistic antidiabetic activity of the combination of these plants and compare its potential in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats [12]
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