EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF Bauhinia variegata BY In vitro METHOD AND ISOLATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS

Abstract

Today, diabetes is a common morbidity, and the occurrence of the disease is attributed to various pathophysiological states of the human body, including inflammation and free radical oxidants. Previous types of research also reported the involvement of free radical oxidants in the development of secondary complications of diabetes. The scavenging of free radicals by antioxidants turns out to be a defense mechanism and can also alter disease states. Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate the properties of Bauhinia variegata L. leaves in controlling diabetes, inflammation, and free radicals. The ethanolic leaf extract was prepared and the extract was then fractionated with solvents, which were further used to perform pharmacological screening by in vitro methods. The IC50 values of the chloroform fraction (BVC) of leaf extract were recorded as the lowest among the test materials for all in vitro studies. The IC50 values of BVC in the study of inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes were 31.08±1.53 and 25.33±1.52 g/mL, respectively. In the study of inhibition of bovine serum albumin and egg albumin denaturation, BVC showed efficacy with IC50 values of 23.75±1.35 and 28.15±1.32 g/mL, respectively. The fraction showed free radical scavenging activity in DPPH and nitric oxide assay, with IC50 values of 27.78±1.61 and 34.93±1.49 g/mL, respectively. In addition, two pure compounds, namely chrysoeriol and β-amyrin palmitate, were isolated from this bioactive fraction. Thus, the results proved all the claimed pharmacological effects of the leaves of Bauhinia variegata L. and also justified the hypothesis of the current study.