Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the antidepressant activity of methanolic extract of Dolichos Biflorus seeds in Swiss albino mice. Methodology: A total of 72(n=72) Swiss albino male mice were used in the study. They were divided into 12 groups of six mice in each. First six groups were evaluated by Tail Suspension Test (TST) and remaining by Forced Swim Test (FST). First group of mice (control) received normal saline 10mg/kg, second group (standard) received Imipramine 10mg/kg and third, fourth, fifth and sixth groups (test) respectively received methanolic extract of Dolichos Biflorus seeds (MEDB) 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, 300mg/kg and 400mg/kg dose orally for 30 days. They were evaluated for antidepressant activity using TST after 60 minutes of drug administration on 30<sup>th</sup> day. Duration of immobility was noted for six minutes for each mouse in all groups. Similarly, remaining six groups (7<sup>th</sup> to 12<sup>th</sup>) received the same drugs and evaluated for antidepressant activity using FST after 60 minutes of drug administration. Results: Results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test followed by Dunnet's test for comparison between groups. The immobility periods were expressed in mean±SD. The immobility period in TST were 245±9.7, 80±7.8, 216.4±4.9, 225.3±2.3, 198.4±3.2 and 185.4±2.7 seconds respectively for control, standard and four test groups (100/200/300/400mg/kg). Similarly, immobility periods of 139.33±7.9, 71.66±4.9, 54.7±2.9, 58±5.2, 126.2±7.9 and 113.4±2.8 seconds were noted for FST for remaining six groups of mice. In TST, test drug MEDB in all the doses (50/100/200/300/400mg/day) failed to show statistically significant antidepressant action when compared to control group (p>0.05). Whereas, in FST, MEDB in a dose of 200mg/kg has shown statistically significant (p<0.05) antidepressant action when compared to control. Conclusion: Present study shown methanolic extract of Dolichos Biflorus seeds (MEDB) has significant antidepressant activity at the dose of 200mg/kg in FST model of depression in mice.
Highlights
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental disorder common in psychiatry wherein patient presents with one of two major symptoms, constant sadness or anhedonia, accompanied by secondary symptoms like feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, changes in diet, and sleep patterns, for at least period of two weeks.[1]
Male Swiss albino mice weighing 25-35 g. were used for the study
Mice were divided into 12 groups and dosed with normal saline, Imipramine and methanolic extract of Dolichos Biflorus seeds (MEDB) for 30 days
Summary
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental disorder common in psychiatry wherein patient presents with one of two major symptoms, constant sadness or anhedonia, accompanied by secondary symptoms like feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, changes in diet, and sleep patterns, for at least period of two weeks.[1] It is a relapsing, remitting illness having greater than 40% rate of recurrence over a period of two years. Depression often co–exists with other illnesses like anxiety disorders, including panic-agoraphobia syndrome, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Monozygotic twins have a higher concordance rate (46%) than dizygotic siblings (20%).[4] Biochemical factors include decrease in the levels of neurotransmitters like nor-epinephrine and serotonin in the brain. The Evaluation of Antidepressant Activity of Dolichos Biflorus Methanolic
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