Evaluation of antibody levels over 3 years after 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in patients with pulmonary diseases receiving steroids and immunosuppressive agents

Abstract

ObjectivesPneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine is a mainstay for prevention of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in adults. There is the possibility that this vaccine is less effective in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the immune response following 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in pulmonary disease patients receiving steroids and immunosuppressive agents (immunosuppressive group). Design and methodsAntibody levels were measured over 3years in the immunosuppressive group (median age: 68.5years) and in aged-match pulmonary disease patients not being treated with immunosuppressive therapy (control group) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. ResultsThe geometric mean antibody levels were significantly increased after vaccination in both groups (p<0.05) and remained above baseline for 3years. The fold increases 1month after vaccination were 9.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.7–15.6) and 8.8 (95% CI: 5.8–13.2) in the immunosuppressive and control groups, respectively (p=0.813). There was no significant difference in the proportion of subjects with a ≥ two-fold increase of antibody level between the immunosuppressive and control groups at any point. ConclusionsThese results suggest that immunization with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine was effective, even in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy and should be recommended for such patients.