Abstract
This investigation is based on a very remarkable and interesting orchid of the genus Dendrobium widely available in Meghalaya (India) and it is the world second largest orchid genus. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-pyretic activity of leaf of Dendrobium chrysanthum. As the plants believed traditionally to have some anti-inflammatory activity used by the rural people of Meghalaya, use of medicinal plants and plants extract for the health procurement has always remain a common choice for the North- eastern people of India since ancient time. The leaf of Dendrobium c. was collected from Shillong, Meghalaya and extraction is done by using methanol as a solvent. The methanol extract found to have the constituents such as carbohydrate, glycoside, alkaloids, phenol and flavonoids. Acute anti-pyretic activity for the extract was investigated in pyrexia rat. Temperature level was determined after 1hours, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours after giving the extract dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight, and it was found to show potent anti-pyretic activity by reducing the temperature in rat. In-vitro anti-oxidant activity was studied by DPPH radical scavenging method of methanolic extract which shows 36.20 as IC50 (µg/ml) whereas the standard Ascorbic acid in the same concentration shows 32.81 IC50 (µg/ml). The obtained result justified the traditional use of Dendrobium c. as anti-pyretic and antioxidant purpose.
Highlights
Plants as a source of traditionally used medicaments have been stood up to the test of time and contribute with several novel compounds for the healthcare purpose in modern science
The preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extract was examined by using various standards test reagent which shows the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compound, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids and carbohydrate on the basis of secondary metabolites as shown in (Table 1) [16]
The methanolic extract of plant leaf of Dendrobium chrysanthum was administered by oral route and the rectal temperature were noted after 1 hour, 2 hour, 4 hour and 6 hours for both test as well as positive control group [14,15]
Summary
Plants as a source of traditionally used medicaments have been stood up to the test of time and contribute with several novel compounds for the healthcare purpose in modern science. Among the ancient civilizations traditional system was well established, India is considered to be as rich repository for the medicinal plants, as per WHO (world health organization) almost 80% of world population are dependants on plants and herbs for the procurement of healthcare [1,2]. Orchids are the largest groups of angiosperm with diverse Genus and around 25,000 species have been established [3]. Diverse activity of Dendrobium is due to the presence of different chemical constituents as per the data reported alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, phenanthrenes, glycosides and terpenoids [4]. There are near to 1,200 species of Dendrobium orchids mostly grow in to the high altitudes and mountainous region, with humid environment at mild temperature. Distributed in a huge characteristics, possessing various morphological features and mostly explored in Asian country, India; Sri Lanka; mainly, in China; Australia, Japan; Europe, Korea; Caledonia and Guinea [5]
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