Abstract
Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of the methanol extract of Mazus pumilus (Mazaceae) herb.
 Methods: Anti-nociceptive activity was determined using hot plate, tail flick and acetic acid-induced writing methods. Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema (0.1 mL of 1 %) model was used for the assessment of anti-inflammatory activity. The methanol extract was administered orally at three different doses (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) to three separate groups in all the experiments. Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg) was used as standard drug while control group received DMSO (1 %, 10 mL/kg). The hepatocurative effect of methanol extract of M. pumilus (400 mg/kg) was determined in isoniazid (50 mg/kg) and rifampicin (100 mg/kg) induced liver injury. Silymarin (100 mg/kg) was used as standard drug for comparison. The control group received distilled water (10 mL/kg). Preliminary phytochemical screening was also carried out.
 Results: The methanol extract of M. pumilus significantly (p < 0.05) augmented latency time and reduced the number of writhes in the pain models at all doses used for the assessment of antinociceptive actions. The anti-inflammatory activity of different doses of extract was evaluated by measuring the reduction in the size of the paw. A significant (p < 0.05) hepatocurative effect was observed when administered after anti-tuberculosis drugs. Histopathological analysis of the liver tissues also revealed restored hepatocellular architecture.
 Conclusion: The results demonstrate the anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of the methanol extract of M. pumilus, thus substantiating the ethnomedical claims associated with the herb.
Highlights
The search for new anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds has been a priority for researchers in the past few years due to increased burden of inflammatory diseases [1]
An annual herb belongs to family Mazaceae, called Asian mazus or Japanese Mazus
All treatments were administered orally and plant extract was dissolved in 1 % Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
Summary
The search for new anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds has been a priority for researchers in the past few years due to increased burden of inflammatory diseases [1]. Because of the undesirable impacts of the allopathic medications on liver, the use of natural pharmaceuticals and phytopharmaceuticals has expanded for liver diseases Another factor for their greater worthiness, is their simple accessibility, monetary and less untoward impacts on human health. An annual herb belongs to family Mazaceae, called Asian mazus or Japanese Mazus. It is generally found in damp habitats in lowland or mountain regions of China, Japan, South East Asia, Australia, New Zealand and Punjab region of Pakistan [4]. The plant extract possess appreciable antioxidant activity, because of which the herb is mentioned as cardioprotective [9]. Because of the anti-oxidative properties of the herb’s extracts, the present investigation was brought up with a target to assess methanol extract of M. pumilus herb for the anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities
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