Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect and in vitro antioxidant activity of the areal part of Sedum sediforme (Jacq.) extracts.Methods: The plant was extracted with solvents of varying polarity (Methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate, respectively) allowed its separation into three sub-fractions: crude extract, chloroform extract and ethyl acetate extract (CrE, ChE and EaE, respectively). Total polyphenol contents of the extracts were determined. The phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA) induced mice ear edema method was using to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity. The in vitro scavenging activity was evaluated using enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods. Chelating ability of extracts was assessed using Fe2+–ferrozine complex.Results: The highest content of phenolics compound was in EaE. The administration of CrE (12.5 and 25 mg/kg) reduced ear edema induced by PMA (%I = 35.81 ± 3.18 % and 38.57 ± 2.80 %, respectively), the effect was comparable with that of diclofenac used as a reference drug (%I = 38.84 ± 1.87 %). The in vitro scavenging activity of S. sediforme extracts confirmed that the CrE has the highest enzymatic and non-enzymatic activity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 0.063 ± 0.005 mg/mL and 0.178 ± 0.006 mg/mL, respectively. However, the ChE present an excellent chelating activity with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 0.397 ± 0.001 mg/mL.Conclusion: The results show that S. sediforme extracts have a strong antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities which lend some support their use in the traditional medicine.
 Keywords: Sedum sediforme, Anti-inflammatory, Superoxide scavenger, Cytochrome C, Metal chelating
Highlights
Inflammation is the primary reaction of the immune system to infection or tissue injury, main to safety of the human body in opposition to those insults
The results showed that the scavenging effect of S. sediforme extracts was in a dose dependent manner (Figure 2 A), this effect was decrease in the following order: CrE (IC50= 0.063 ± 0.005 mg/ml), ChE (0.173 ± 0.014 mg/ml) and EaE (0.425 ± 0.002) (Figure 2 B)
Application of phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA) induced an inflammatory response and caused the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a transient increase in prostanoid production associated [13]. This reaction reaches a maximum after few hours (6h) and subsides after 24h, multiple applications of PMA produce a more prolonged inflammatory response characterized by inflammatory cell influx, ear edema and epidermal cell hyperplasia [14]
Summary
Inflammation is the primary reaction of the immune system to infection or tissue injury, main to safety of the human body in opposition to those insults. Prolonged or chronic inflammation is harmful and has a very important role within the development of diseases such as Alzheimer’s, arthritis, cardiovascular disease and diabetes [1]. A massive quantities of superoxide radical and different free radicals was produced by activated neutrophils and macrophages via the NAD(P)H oxidase. Free radicals created in inflammation might lead to toxic effects once produced at high levels during oxidative burst [2]. The offered anti-inflammatory medicaments (steroidal and non-steroidal) present wide side effects. Many researches were devoted to the look for a new anti-inflammatory agent from herbal sources. Medicinal components from plants play important role in conventional traditional medicine, Sedum species are the home of traditional remedies that are mostly used as hypotensive, laxative and emetic and anti-inflammatory agents [3]. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antiinflammatory, superoxide scavenger and metal chelating activity of Sedum sediforme extracts
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