Abstract
Objectives: The present study was envisaged to identify the effect of anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activity for methanolic bark extracts of Simarouba glauca. 
 Methods: The present study design was to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and in vitro antidiabetic activity of S. glauca methanolic bark extract. To examine the antidiabetic activity, the samples were studied for their effect on inhibition of alpha-amylase and glucose transport across the dialysis membrane. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using albumin denaturation assay and membrane stabilization method.
 Results: Our current results indicate that the various bioactive constituents detected in S. glauca may be responsible for its in vitro antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. The ability of plant extract on anti-inflammatory activity showed that it was effective in inhibiting heat-induced albumin denaturation with an IC50 value of test and standard was found to be 46.42 μg/ml and 24.09 μg/ml. In addition to this, heat-induced hemolysis was also performed. The IC50 values of the test and standard were found to be 43.51 μg/ml and 21.41 μg/ml, respectively. The percentage inhibition of the test sample varied from the concentration range of 75 to 100 μg/ml. The IC50 value of the test and standard was found to be 19.08 μg/ml and 9.08 μg/ml, respectively.
 Conclusion: The findings of the present study concluded that S. glauca bark has the potential to treat diabetes and a novel natural anti-inflammatory agent as a good source. Thus, S. glauca may be a potential candidate for the development of future antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory compounds. However, still further studies and standardization of the plant research may be required to develop them as medicine.
Highlights
Inflammation is a complex process, which is recurrently allied with pain and involves occurrences such as the increase of vascular permeability, the surge of protein denaturation, and membrane alteration
S. glauca may be a potential candidate for the development of future antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory compounds
Results indicate that the methanolic extract of S. glauca possesses both anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties
Summary
Inflammation is a complex process, which is recurrently allied with pain and involves occurrences such as the increase of vascular permeability, the surge of protein denaturation, and membrane alteration. These work collectively to cause increased vasodilation (widening of blood capillaries) and permeability of the capillaries. This leads to augmented blood flow to the injured site [1]. Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) existing a group of common and highly disabling chronic conditions that stake inflammatory pathways. Several incidence and prevalence studies of IMID during the past decades have conveyed a considerable variation of the disease occurrence among different populations. The estimated prevalence of IMID in Western society is 5%–7% [2,3]. Symptoms of inflammation comprise redness, swollen joint that’s sometimes warm to the touch, joint pain, and joint and muscle stiffness [4,5]
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