Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory and Anti-proliferative Activity of Abutilon indicum L. Plant Ethanolic Leaf Extract on Lung Cancer Cell Line A549 for System Network Studies

Abstract

Pharmaceutically important components in medicinal plant kingdom are useful to control and cure many diseases like lung cancer. In the present study, an evaluation was performed to know the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Abutilon indicum for potential chemopreventive agent against lung cancer. Experimentation is also conducted on lung cancer cell line A549 along with interaction studies of Apaf- 1 gene. The ethanolic leaf extract of A. indicum is showing good anti-inflammatory activity (IC50: 8.89 μg/mL) based on 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition assay. The standard compound, Curcumin has shown IC50 as 8.14 μg/mL based on study. The ethanolic leaf extract of A.indicum has also shown good response on human Caucasian lung carcinoma of A549 cell line (IC50: 85.2 μg/mL) shows anti-proliferative activity. Further analysis has also shown the interaction of proteins that are involved in inflammatory and cancer response. Apoptosis-activating factor, Apaf- 1 gene increases the sensitivity of A549 cell line through interaction with proteins like CASP9, CASP3, CYCS, BCL2L1, TP53, BCL2, CASP8, HSPA4, DIABLO and CASP7. The experimental work concludes that bioactive components present in the ethanolic leaf extract of A.indicum shows good anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activity by inducing Apaf-1 through CASP9, CASP3, CYCS, BCL2L1, TP53, BCL2, CASP8, HSPA4, DIABLO and CASP7 network.