Evaluation of anthelmintic potential of Parkia biglobosa leaves and seeds extracts against infective larvae and adult of Haemonchus contortus of goats

Abstract

Among the parasitic diseases that thrive in warm and humid areas, Haemonchus contortus is considered to be the most prevalent and devastating species of small ruminant. The present study was carried out to evaluate the activities of leaves and seeds of Parkia biglobosa against adult and larvae (L3) of H. contortus. In vitro activities were screened by preparing aqueous and methanol extracts of both leaves and seeds of P. biglobosa in comparable to controls. Ten worms were exposed to treatment of each plant extract and Albendazole in separate Petri-dishes with 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mg/ml of the same volume. The negative control received Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). For infective larvae, 20 L3 were pipetted into 96-flat-bottomed microtitre plate and mixed with the same volume of different concentrations similar to that of adult. The result revealed that, all the adult worms exposed to 32 mg/ml of Albendazole and plant extracts were found dead at 12 hours; whereas none of the worms was found dead in PBS up to 12 hours post exposure. The result of larvae showed that the leaves and seeds extracts of P. biglobosa exposed to L3 of H. contortus exhibited less anthelmintic effects in comparable to Albendazole. Albendazole exhibited anthelmintic effects in a dose dependent manner and about 88.5% of L3 were found dead at 12 hours post-exposure at concentration of 32 mg /ml. But for plant extracts, at 32 mg/ml, less than 40% of L3 were found dead at 12 hours post exposure. All L3 larvae survived in PBS up till 12 hours post exposure. It is therefore, concluded that, 32 mg/ml of aqueous and methanol extracts of leaves and seed of P. biglobosa have higher adulticidal activity at 12 hours post exposure but lower larvicidal activity against H. contortus. However, it is recommended to carry out the in vivo study to assess the toxicological effect and recommended doses in goats.