Evaluation of Animal Dungs and Organomineral Fertilizer for the Control ofMeloidogyne incognitaon Sweet Potato

Bamidele Fawole,Oluremi Solomon Osunlola

doi:10.1155/2015/725363

Bamidele Fawole, Oluremi Solomon Osunlola

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/725363

Copy DOI

Abstract

Root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognita, is an important animate pathogen causing major damage and severe reductions in the growth, yield, and quality of sweet potato. Nematicides are expensive and their application also causes environmental pollution. A field experiment was therefore conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of poultry dung (10 or 20 t/ha), cow dung (10 or 20 t/ha), horse dung (10 or 20 t/ha), goat dung (10 or 20 t/ha), organomineral fertilizer (2 or 4 t/ha), and carbofuran (3 kg a.i/ha) in the management ofM. incognitaon sweet potato using a randomized complete block design. The unamended plots served as control. Data were analysed using ANOVA (p≤0.05). All organic materials and carbofuran significantly (p≤0.05) reduced nematode reproduction and root damage compared with control. Poultry dung (10 and 20 t/ha) and carbofuran were, however, more efficient in nematode control than other organic materials. Sweet potato plants that were grown on soil treated with organomineral fertilizer had the highest mean number of vines and fresh shoot weight, while poultry dung improved sweet potato quality and yield. It is therefore recommended that the use of poultry dung be employed in combination with other nematode control strategies to achieve sustainable, economic, and environment-friendly nematode management.

Highlights

Meloidogyne incognita is the most important nematode pest of sweet potato which occurs in most sweet potato growing regions where it causes severe damage [6, 7]
The plots were thereafter treated with air-dried poultry manure, goat manure, cow manure, and horse manure each at two rates: 10 t/ha and 20 t/ha; organomineral fertilizer at two rates: 2 t and 4 t/ha; carbofuran at 3 kg a.i/ha, and untreated plots served as control
The highest significant mean value was recorded from plants grown on unamended soil (Table 3). Results from this experiment showed that various animal dungs, organic fertilizer, and carbofuran effectively reduced sweet potato root damage and nematode reproduction compared with control

Summary

Introduction

Lam) is a dicotyledonous crop that belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. It is the world’s second most important root and tuber crop after potato [1]. Root-knot disease caused by rootknot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., is a well known disease of many tropical and subtropical crops. Meloidogyne incognita is the most important nematode pest of sweet potato which occurs in most sweet potato growing regions where it causes severe damage [6, 7]. M. incognita has been implicated in yield reduction of sweet potato by earlier workers. Earlier workers have reported the effectiveness of different materials like plant manures, plant extracts, and animal manures in nematode management and consequent improved crop growth and yield [14,15,16]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion