Abstract
BackgroundThe roles of androgen and androgen receptor (AR) signaling in the oncogenesis of prostate cancer are very well established. What is more poorly understood is the role of AR in other human malignancies including bladder cancer. The incidence of bladder cancer is much higher in males than females, but the exact etiology has not been fully elucidated. This gender disparity has raised the possibility of the AR pathway being involved in the genesis of this disease. Thereby, the aim of this work was to evaluate the expression of AR in a group of Egyptian patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma and to assess whether its expression was correlated with other pathological tumor features. Urothelial bladder carcinoma tissue samples from 50 patients were studied by immunostaining for AR expression in tumor cells.ResultsAR was positively expressed in 29 (58%) patients, while negative expression was observed in 21 (42%) patients. No statistically significant difference in AR expression with respect to tumor grade (P = 0.07) and pT stage (P = 0.09) was observed.ConclusionsThe results obtained in this study indicates a clinical value of the AR expression in Egyptian patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma, providing the basis for further studies to evaluate its role and the possibility of new target-based therapies for urothelial bladder carcinoma.
Highlights
The roles of androgen and androgen receptor (AR) signaling in the oncogenesis of prostate cancer are very well established
3 Methods This retrospective study included 50 samples from Egyptian patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma obtained through the collection of archived paraffin blocks of transurethral resection and radical cystectomy specimens from the Pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, as well as a private center during the period from January 2017 till August 2017
A tissue section of benign prostatic epithelium was used as a positive control, while the negative control was prepared by omitting the primary antibody and adding phosphate buffer saline (PBS) instead
Summary
The roles of androgen and androgen receptor (AR) signaling in the oncogenesis of prostate cancer are very well established. The incidence of bladder cancer is much higher in males than females, but the exact etiology has not been fully elucidated. This gender disparity has raised the possibility of the AR pathway being involved in the genesis of this disease. The main risk factor for bladder cancer in Egypt is attributed to urinary schistosomiasis, and despite the Urothelial carcinoma is the predominant histological subtype of urinary bladder cancer with 70–80% being non-muscle invasive disease at the time of diagnosis [3]. Patients initially with non-muscle invasive tumors usually show favorable prognosis. Patients with muscle invasive tumors often undergo disease progression or metastasis in spite of enduring aggressive procedures, as radical cystectomy with or without systemic
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