Abstract
Background: Antibiotic are administered in presence and/or absence of disease and without prescription from physicians to increase production yield and mitigating animal health. With the aim of setting up an evaluation assay for the uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry farming. A survey was conducted in 13 farms. The study was aimed at assessing the abusive use of antibiotics in poultry farms in the Mfoundi Division. Methods and materials: A well-established questionnaire was conducted, June-July 2016, to determine the most utilized antibiotics and to collect litters .30 samples were collected from the farms under investigation and 250 g of each sample was collected and placed in sterile stomacher bags, and preserved under appropriate conditions prior to analysis. These litters permitted to have presumed isolates of Salmonella spp. through, the Salmonella-Shigella selective medium and then an antibiogram assay was carried out to determine the inhibition diameter in conformity with the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CASFM, 2015). A protocol based on the principle according to which, increase in turbidity presumed growth of Salmonella spp. in a broth containing an antibiotic at the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the germ, is an indication of resistance, was performed by spectrophotometry at 600 nm within 10 h. Results: 100% of presumed isolates of salmonella were resistant to amoxicillin and erythromycin; 66.66% were resistant to tetracycline and oxytetracycline and 83.33% were resistant to ampicillin. The spectrophotometry method had a better result prediction percentage, of 66.07% (20/30) as compared to antibiogramm. Regarding the prediction errors, we observed that 23.33% (7/30) of the sensitive cases by antibiogramm were evaluated as being resistant by spectrophotometry whereas, 6.67% (2/30) of the revealed resistant cases by the classical method were evaluated as being sensitive by spectrophotometry. Oxytetracyclin was shown to be the antibiotic for which the results were least in conformity with those of the disc method. The elimination of oxytetracyclin in the spectrophotometry assay led to improvement of the predicted results. Conclusion: During the study, all farms used antibiotics and the resistance observed was attributed to the intensity of antibiotics utilized in the farms under investigation.
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