Evaluation of Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities on Ethanolic Extract of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Terminalia chebula&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Fruits in Experimental Animal Models

Md Safkath Ibne Jami,Mst Marium Begum,Md Mominul Haque,Md Ershad Ali,Zakia Sultana

doi:10.4236/ajps.2014.51010

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula (commonly known as Haritaki) fruits in experimental animal models. The study was carried out using Swiss Albino mice (20-25 g) and Long Evans rats (100-150 g) of either sex. The analgesic activity of Terminalia chebula was assessed by using hot plate method. For the determination of analgesic effect, doses of ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula used in the present study were 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW). Anti-inflammatory effect was analyzed by carrageenan induced paw edema method with the administration dose of 300 mg/kg BW of animals. The analysis of experimental data was performed by statistical process of ANOVA to determine the variability of sample, while Dunnet’s test was performed for evaluation of comparative analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Terminalia chebula with control and standard. The animals were divided into four treatment groups of six animals each and the “Mean ± SEM” is the statistical identifiable value of the data and P values mg/kg and 500 mg/kg BW doses throughout the observation period in 30 minutes and 60 minutes after treatment, which was comparable to the standard ketorolac and control group. In carrageenan induced paw edema method, considerable results were found after determining the percentage change in paw volume in extract. In both cases of analgesic and anti-inflammatory study, % inhibition of pain and inflammation were evaluated. Comparing with control, largest inhibition was found in inhibiting inflammation 5 hours after treatment, while the largest inhibition of pain was obtained in 30 minutes and 60 minutes after treatment of doses. The present study suggests that ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula fruits has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Highlights

To date the use of most commonly prescribed drugs for clinical management of analgesia has been limited because of the development of potential side effects including sedation, respiratory depression and dermatological reactions [1]
Ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula fruits was screened for toxicity by oral toxicity studies according to OECD guidelines taking three female mice with starting dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight and found to be non-toxic that is Category 5 or Unclassified and two test dose levels as low 250 mg/kg, and high 500 mg/kg selected for experiment
Hot plate method is the most significant method to evaluate the analgesic activity of a plant extract or chemical compound

Summary

Introduction

To date the use of most commonly prescribed drugs for clinical management of analgesia has been limited because of the development of potential side effects including sedation, respiratory depression and dermatological reactions [1]. Due to their wide biological and medi-. Cinal activities, higher safety margins and availability associated with plant based medicinal agent, more attention has been given on plant based drugs used in the traditional medicine Because of these advantages, the medicinal plants have been widely used by the traditional medical practitioners in their day to day practice. According to WHO, more than 80% of the world population still depend mainly on herbal medicines and they have OPEN ACCESS AJPS

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Conclusion