Evaluation of an interocclusal acrylic block for prevention of post radiation trismus

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an interocclusal acrylic bite block as a preventative and conservative tool to prevent or minimize post radiation trismus in an effort to improve the quality of life of irradiated patients. Patients and Methods: Twenty patients with confirmed newly diagnosed head and neck cancer planned for radiation therapy, were selected. A custom-made inter occlusal acrylic splint was fabricated for each patient before radiation therapy started. Physiotherapy - using the acrylic block and assisted range of motion exercises - were instructed for the patients during the first 12 months following end of radiation therapy. Maximum interincisal openings were recorded prior to initiation of radiation therapy and then readings were taken monthly after completion of radiation therapy for 12 months. Results: All patients except one have shown decrease in inter incisal openings. The decrease was statistically insignificant and non-of the patients included in this study exhibited trismus. Conclusion: In this observational study the use of the inter occlusal acrylic block has shown promise in preventing post radiation trismus in addition to being cost effective. Further studies with more standardization and randomization are required to further prove the efficacy of this method.