Abstract
The aggregation and accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain is a trigger of pathogenesis for Alzheimer’s disease. Previously, we developed a microliter-scale high-throughput screening (MSHTS) system for Aβ42 aggregation inhibitors using quantum-dot nanoprobes. The MSHTS system is seldom influenced by contaminants in samples and is able to directly evaluate Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity of samples containing various compounds. In this study, to elucidate whether the MSHTS system could be applied to the evaluation of processed foods, we examined Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity of salad dressings, including soy sauces. We estimated the 50% effective concentration (EC50) from serial diluted dressings. Interestingly, all 19 commercial dressings tested showed Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity. It was suggested that EC50 differed by as much as 100 times between the dressings with the most (0.065 ± 0.020 v/v%) and least (6.737 ± 5.054 v/v%) inhibitory activity. The highest activity sample is traditional Japanese dressing, soy sauce. It is known that soy sauce is roughly classified into a heat-treated variety and a non-heat-treated variety. We demonstrated that non-heat-treated raw soy sauce exhibited higher Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity than heat-treated soy sauce. Herein, we propose that MSHTS system can be applied to processed foods.
Highlights
One of the problems facing an aging society is the increase of patients with dementia
This indicates that the evaluation of Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity of the liquid dressings using the Thioflavin T (ThT) method was difficult because the absorption wavelength of almost samples overlapped with the excitation and emission wavelengths of ThT
In order to determine whether the Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity of soy sauce was due to NaCl, we examined the effect of NaCl concentration on the shape of
Summary
One of the problems facing an aging society is the increase of patients with dementia. While various diseases are known to cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in particular, accounts for the majority of cases [1,2,3]. The amyloid cascade hypothesis notes that AD is caused by the aggregation and accumulation of 38 to 43 residues of the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide excised from amyloid precursor protein in the brain [5,6,7,8]. Eisai reported that a patient’s cognitive decline had been blunted in clinical trials using antibodies, aducanumab, that bind to Aβ aggregates [9]. In March of 2019, a phase III clinical trial of aducanumab was halted because of insufficient evidence to support its effect in AD [10]
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