Abstract
Heavy metal wastewater treatment is a huge problem facing human beings, and the application degree of Salix psammophila resources produced by flat stubble is low. Therefore, it is very important to develop high-value products of Salix psammophila resources and apply them in the removal heavy metal from effluent. In this work, we extracted the cellulose from Salix psammophila, and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were prepared through TEMPO oxidation/ultrasound. The aerogel spheres derived from Salix psammophila (ASSP) were prepared with the hanging drop method. The experimental results showed that the Cu(II) adsorption capacity of the ASSP composite (267.64 mg/g) doped with TOCNF was significantly higher than that of pure cellulose aerogel spheres (52.75 mg/g). The presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in ASSP enhanced the adsorption capacity of heavy metals. ASSP is an excellent heavy metal adsorbent, and its maximum adsorption values for Cu(II), Mn(II), and Zn(II) were found to be 272.69, 253.25, and 143.00 mg/g, respectively. The abandoned sand shrub resource of SP was used to adsorb heavy metals from effluent, which provides an important reference value for the development of forestry in this sandy area and will have a great application potential in the fields of the adsorption of heavy metals in soil and antibiotics in water.
Highlights
Salix psammophila is one of the characteristic sandy shrubs in North and NorthwestChina [1,2]
For aerogel spheres with the TOCNF addition, all the structural surfaces appeared filament-like, and with the increase in TOCNF addition, the filament-covered surface befilament-like, and with the increase in TOCNF addition, the filament-covered surface came more obvious and the pore size gradually decreased. These results showed that the became more obvious and the pore size gradually decreased. These results showed that amount of active sites of the aerogel spheres increased with the addition of TOCNF while the amount of active sites of the aerogel spheres increased with the addition of TOCNF
The results showed that the aerogel spheres had good adsorption properties for Cu(II) and Mn(II), but their adsorption capacity for Zn(II) was low
Summary
Salix psammophila is one of the characteristic sandy shrubs in North and NorthwestChina [1,2]. Salix psammophila is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and a small amount of ash [5]. Cellulose is its main component and can be extracted through certain treatments and modified by sodium periodate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) [6,7] and other oxidation systems [8] to obtain different functional groups. The modified cellulose can be treated with acid [9], mechanical treatment [10,11] and bacterial degradation [12] to prepare finely structured cellulose with a diameter of 1–100 nm, called nanocellulose [13]. Li Mei [14] used recycled polypropylene and Salix psammophila powder as the main raw materials and prepared wood–plastic composites with a molding method.
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