Abstract
Objective: The goal of this study was to test the ethanol extract of the aerial part of the Blumea mollis (Asteraceae) for acute and sub-chronic toxicity as well as anti-inflammatory efficacy.
 Methods: The shade dried aerial part of Blumea mollis (0.5 kg) was powdered and extracted with ethanol. Ethanol extracts was used for these studies. Acute oral and sub-chronic toxicity studies were performed as per OECD guidelines. The anti-inflammatory effect was studied by carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats at dose levels 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, orally.
 Results: The results indicate that ethanol extract of Blumea mollis was found to be safe at the dose of 2000mg/kg. The EBM 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited significant inhibition (p<0.001) of increase in paw edema in rats.
 Conclusion: The results of the experimental study confirmed that ethanol extract of Blumea mollis is devoid of toxicity and possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Highlights
As natural herbal treatments are increasingly widely used, experts are focusing their efforts on determining the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants
Microbial infections are recognised by Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
Subacute inflammation is defined as inflammation that lasts 2–6 weeks [5,6]
Summary
As natural herbal treatments are increasingly widely used, experts are focusing their efforts on determining the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants. Various medicinal plants utilised in folkloric medicine, on the other hand, have been documented to have harmful consequences [1,2]. Inflammation can be divided into two types: acute and chronic. Acute inflammation is the body's first reaction to harmful stimuli, and it is marked by increased blood flow of plasma and leukocytes (especially granulocytes) into the injured tissues. The inflammatory response is propagated and matured by a sequence of biochemical events involving the local vascular system, the immune system, and diverse cells inside the wounded tissue. Chronic inflammation results in a progressive shift in the type of cells present at the site of inflammation, such as mononuclear cells, and is characterised by simultaneous tissue death and recovery from the inflammatory process. Acute inflammation can serve as a protective mechanism against harm. Subacute inflammation is defined as inflammation that lasts 2–6 weeks [5,6]
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