Evaluation of a stand-alone robotic camera holding system: technology that improves laparoscopy

Abstract

Introduction In order to perform laparoscopic procedures, a surgeon requires an assistant to hold the camera. Problems with this approach include table crowding leading to poor ergonomics, and miscommunication leading to poor images. AutoLap is a novel FDA-approved camera navigation system. We present our experience with this device and compare it to human camera holders. Materials and methods The study design included an initial training period followed by a non-randomized allocation between robotic and human camera holder cohort. Data included set up time, ergonomics and usability (via nurse, surgeon and camera holder questionnaire) and image stability recorded via the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), describing linear acceleration (in unit gravity [g]) and horizontal acceleration (Angular Velocity in rad/s). Results Twenty-six patients were equally divided between human and robotic camera holders. Image stability were significantly better for the robotic camera holder. Median angular velocity was 0.029 and 0.005 rad/s for human and the AutoLap system, respectively (p-value <.001). Linear acceleration was 0.011 and 0.007 [g] (p-value .015). Positive feedback for the robotic system included greater surgeon comfort (92%) and improved nurse – surgeon interaction (100%). Conclusions The AutoLap system provides improved image stability, team-work, and ergonomic comfort for the surgical team with minimum set-up time.