Evaluation of a Small-Scale Anaerobic Digestion System for a Cattle Farm under an Integrated Agriculture System in Indonesia with Relation to the Status of Anaerobic Digestion System in Japan

Abstract

The Integrated Agriculture System in Indonesia was established in 2009. By the end of 2018, 752 small-scale anaerobic digestion (AD) systems treating beef cattle manure were successfully installed. In this study, the system was studied comprehensively at the first attempt by considering the current operating conditions, the actual performance of the digester, and site-specific factors for biogas production. Compost and bio-urine were produced at approximately 0.13 t/day and 4.8 L/day, respectively. The digester produced an unstable biogas amount of 0.109 to 0.521 m3/day. However, digester in Japan produces biogas 980 m3/day. This observed difference was due to the difference in the inputs and technological peculiarities. The main purpose for installation of the AD system was also different. Producing compost and bio-urine were the aimed in Indonesia, while producing biogas and reducing sawdust usage were the target in Japan. Thus, this study suggested that monitoring and controlling the operational parameters of digester in Indonesia could increase the biogas production as a first step without installing any additional temperature controller or mixing equipment. This approach might also be useful for improving the quality of compost and bio-urine by providing stable treatment conditions.