Evaluation of a rapid detection method of Salmonella in comparison with the culture method and microbiological quality in fish from the Brazilian Amazon

Paula Hellayne Costa Dos Santos,Carina Martins Moraes,Hamilton M Figueiredo,Rafaela Santos Oliveira Da Silva,Luiza Helena Meller Da Silva,Antonio Manoel Da Cruz Rodrigues,Gabrielle Virginia Ferreira Cardoso

doi:10.1590/fst.38719

Paula Hellayne Costa Dos Santos, Carina Martins Moraes + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.38719

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Abstract

Abstract Microbiological safety of fish is a concern of consumers, industries and regulatory agencies worldwide. Among the pathogenic microorganisms, Salmonella spp. is one of the main agents of foodborne diseases and should be absent in animal products. Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens in the supply chain is important for both quality assurance and tracking infectious agents within the chain. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the equivalence of two rapid detection tests, as alternative methods to the conventional Salmonella detection method, as well as to verify the microbiological quality parameters of two commercially important fish species in the Amazon biome. The plate count of aerobic bacteria ranged from 7.76 x 104 to 8.71 x 107 CFU.g-1 for mesophiles and 1.70 x 106 to 4.27 x 108 CFU.g-1 for psychrotrophic whereas the maximum for this group of microorganisms in fresh fish is 106 CFU.g-1. Regarding the Staphylococcus count, the two species presented variations between 1.35 x 104 to 1.51 x 105 CFU.g-1. This represents unsatisfactory conditions of handling, storage and conservation of fish species. The immunoenzymatic and molecular methods have been shown to be reliable, fast and effective in the detection of Salmonella and for its high index of agreement with the conventional detection method. We also emphasize the convenience of multiplex PCR application due to the high sensitivity, specificity, speed and accuracy of Salmonella detection.

Highlights

Microbiological safety of fish is a concern of consumers, industries and regulatory agencies around the world nowadays
The fish samples included in this study were Brachyplatystoma filamentosum and Ilisha amazonica species
For the preparation of the material to be submitted to microbiological analysis and isolation of Salmonella from fish samples, the protocol described in the Compendium of Methods for Microbiological Examination of Foods

Summary

Introduction

Microbiological safety of fish is a concern of consumers, industries and regulatory agencies around the world nowadays. According to data from regulatory agencies and health inspection agencies worldwide Salmonella stands out among the pathogens, as the main bacterial agent, responsible for transmit diseases associated with food consumption nowadays (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016; European Food Safety Authority, 2018). In Europe, authorities point to Salmonella as the second most important agent in foodborne disease transmission, with over 91,857 cases of salmonellosis (European Food Safety Authority, 2018; Trimoulinard et al, 2017). In the United States, the incidence of Salmonella represents 15.89% of the cases associated with diseases transmitted by food consumption (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). In Brazil, Salmonella is responsible for more than 30% of foodborne diseases, according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (Brasil, 2017)

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