Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the performance of a drip irrigation system with photovoltaic energy directly connected to the water pumping system through the irrigation uniformity coefficients using the statistical quality control, with the control chart of Shewhart. The experiment was conducted at the State University of West Parana (UNIOESTE), campus of Cascavel, in the Project CASA (Center of Alternative Energy System Analysis), during six days of open sky. The irrigation system contained four lines with 18 drippers each, collecting the flow of each dripper for five minutes, along with the parameters of temperature and solar radiation. In the energy part, the current and the voltage generated by the panel were analyzed. The main results allowed to evaluate that the flows of the drippers showed changes directly proportional to the decrease or increase of the radiation. Even with the changes in radiation levels during the collection period, the system obtained excellent process capability according to the analyzes of the distribution uniformities. It was also concluded that there was a significant relationship between the coefficients (CUC, DUC and CV) with the process capacity of the flow data. The control plot was adequate to diagnose the treatments. Statistical control proved to be effective for the determination of process variability, thus recommending the use of a drip irrigation system with a solar photovoltaic system directly connected to the pump on open sky days with few clouds due to the lower variability in relation to the graph of control and greater uniformity of water distribution.
Highlights
Global warming has been occurring in recent decades and we can see the increase in global temperatures, which is characterized by air heating, which is caused by the accumulation of gases released into the atmosphere and the heating of ocean temperatures (Lise & Laan, 2015)
It was observed that all treatments presented high levels of uniformity, above 90%, being classified as excellent according to Bernardo, Soares, and Mantovani (2008), the values are similar to those presented by Santos et al (2012), who analyzed a system of drip irrigation yielding values of 95.12% for Christiansen’s Uniformity Coefficient (CUC) and 98.34% for Distribution Uniformity Coefficient (DUC), corroborated with the results presented by Hermes et al (2014), where it used drip irrigation with residual water use of cassava, obtaining values higher than 90% for all coefficients
As for the uniformity of distribution, the treatment was considered excellent by its values of 98.92% for the CUC according to the Keller and Karmeli’s method and 98.94% for the Deniculi’s methodology, in relation to the DUC we obtained 98.20% second Keller and Karmelli and 98.03% following the Deniculi’s methodology
Summary
Global warming has been occurring in recent decades and we can see the increase in global temperatures, which is characterized by air heating, which is caused by the accumulation of gases released into the atmosphere and the heating of ocean temperatures (Lise & Laan, 2015). To meet the energy needs, several countries adopt fossil fuels on a large scale for their production With these mitigating factors, there is a real need to reduce the emission of polluting gases, as stated in the Kyoto protocol, and an alternative is the use of new sources of energy, such as renewable energy, such as photovoltaics (Kalogirou, 2009). Photovoltaic energy, in addition to supplying the energy needs, brings with it the clean and renewable energy mentality, which is available (Bardi, Asmar, & Lavacchi, 2013; Carroquinho, Dufo-López, & Bernal-Aguntín, 2015). This energy source is the most promising, especially to face the energetic crises expected for the few years (Tomalsquim, 2003)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
